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Monday, 16 March 2026

Another Belle Époque imagi-nation: The Kingdom of the Ashona

Having rediscovered the box of 15mm figures donated to me by Carl Luxford, I decided that I would use them to create another Belle Époque imagi-nation to my collection.

As the figures include several cavalry figures on wonderfully barded mounts, I decided to base my new imagi-nation on the Kanem-Bornu Empire. This existed from about the eighth to the end of the nineteenth century and was located in the area of Africa that incudes parts of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Algeria, Sudan, and Chad.


The Kingdom of the Ashona

The flag of the Kingdom of the Ashona.

The history of the Kingdom of the Ashona

The area now occupied by the Kingdom of the Ashona was originally ruled by the Harabian Empire, but when the empire collapsed, the former Harabian rulers remained in place and continued to administer the country. As a result, the Kingdom of the Ashona has more in common with modern Harabia than it has with the neighbouring Sultanate of Sahel and the Kingdom of the Obele.

The position of king is hereditary and is usually occupied by the eldest son of the previous king, although there have been occasions in the past where a younger son has inherited the throne. This has usually been due to the mental or physical incapacity of the eldest son.

The economy of the Kingdom of the Ashona

The economy of the Kingdom of the Ashona is based on a mixture of agriculture, fishing, trading, and mining and exporting precious metals and jewels. There are also some small-scale manufacturing industries in the country’s capital – mainly producing metal goods, including firearms – and the country is famous for the large number skilled craftsmen in wood and metal who can be found in its main towns.

The armed forces of the Kingdom of the Ashona

The country's army is composed of a small but well-equipped regular bodyguard which comprises infantry and cavalry units. This is supported in time of war by a tribal militia.

The army of the Kingdom of the Ashona has the following units:

  • Infantry
    • 1/1st Bodyguard Infantry Regiment
    • 2/1st Bodyguard Infantry Regiment
    • 1/2nd Bodyguard Infantry Regiment
    • 2/2nd Bodyguard Infantry Regiment
    • 1/1st Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 2/1st Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 1/2nd Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 2/2nd Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 1/3rd Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 2/3rd Militia Infantry Regiment
  • Cavalry
    • 1/Bodyguard Cavalry Regiment
    • 2/Bodyguard Cavalry Regiment

The army is organised into the following formations:

  • Bodyguard
    • 1st Bodyguard Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Bodyguard Infantry Regiment
    • Bodyguard Cavalry Regiment
    • Total bases = 6; Total SPs = 22 SPs
  • Tribal Militia
    • 1st Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Militia Infantry Regiment
    • 3rd Militia Infantry Regiment
    • Total bases = 6; Total SPs = 24 SPs

Total bases = 12; Total SPs = 46 SPs

Units shown in italics are militia or reserve units.

Sunday, 15 March 2026

The lyrics of the national anthem of the Soviet Union

I happened to be watching THE HUNT FOR RED OCTOBER, and was struck by the sound of the crew of the submarine singing the Soviet Union's national anthem as the ship's silent drive was engaged ... and realised that I had no idea what lyrics were!

The crew of the Red October singing the Soviet Union's national anthem as the silect drive is engaged.

I resolved to rectify that and found that there are several translations of the original Russian lyrics, including an official 1944 CPSU (Communist Party of the Soviet Union) version.

The original Russian words are:

Союз нерушимый республик свободных
Сплотила навеки Великая Русь.
Да здравствует созданный волей народов
Единый, могучий Советский Союз!

Славься, Отечество наше свободное,
Дружбы народов надёжный оплот!
Знамя советское, знамя народное
Пусть от победы к победе ведёт!

Сквозь грозы сияло нам солнце свободы,
И Ленин великий нам путь озарил:
Нас вырастил Сталин — на верность народу,
На труд и на подвиги нас вдохновил!

Славься, Отечество наше свободное,
Счастья народов надёжный оплот!
Знамя советское, знамя народное
Пусть от победы к победе ведёт!

Мы армию нашу растили в сраженьях.
Захватчиков подлых с дороги сметём!
Мы в битвах решаем судьбу поколений,
Мы к славе Отчизну свою поведём!

Славься, Отечество наше свободное,
Славы народов надёжный оплот!
Знамя советское, знамя народное
Пусть от победы к победе ведёт!

In Romanised script, it reads as follows:

Soyúz nerushímyy respúblik svobódnykh
Splotíla navéki velíkaya Rus.
Da zdrávstvuyet sózdannyy vóley naródov
Yedínyy, mogúchiy Sovétskiy Soyúz!

Slávsya, Otéchestvo náshe svobódnoye,
Drúzhby naródov nadyózhnyy oplót!
Známya sovétskoye, známya naródnoye
Pust ot pobédy k pobéde vedyót!

Skvoz grózy siyálo nam sólnce svobódy,
I Lénin velíkiy nam put ozaríl
Nas výrastil Stálin — na vérnost naródu,
Na trud i na pódvigi nas vdokhnovíl!

Slávsya, Otéchestvo náshe svobódnoye,
Schástia naródov nadyózhnyy oplót!
Známya sovétskoye, známya naródnoye
Pust ot pobédy k pobéde vedyót!

My ármiyu náshu rastíli v srazhéniakh.
Zakhvátchikov pódlykh s dorógi smetyóm!
My v bítvakh resháyem sudbú pokoléniy,
My k sláve Otchíznu svoyú povedyóm!

Slávsya, Otéchestvo náshe svobódnoye,
Slávy naródov nadyózhnyy oplót!
Známya sovétskoye, známya naródnoye
Pust ot pobédy k pobéde vedyót!

The 1944 official CPSU translation of the lyrics are as follows:

Unbreakable Union of freeborn Republics
Great Russia has welded forever to stand;
Created in struggle by will of the peoples,
United and mighty, our Soviet land!

Sing to our Motherland, glory undying,
Bulwark of peoples in brotherhood strong!
Flag of the Soviets, peoples' flag flying,
Lead us from victory to victory on!

Through tempests, the sunrays of freedom have cheered us,
Along the new path where great Lenin lead,
Be true to the people, thus Stalin has reared us,
Inspired us to labour and valorous deed!

Sing to our Motherland, glory undying,
Bulwark of peoples in brotherhood strong!
Flag of the Soviets, peoples' flag flying,
Lead us from victory to victory on!

Our army grew up in the heat of grim battle,
Barbarian invaders, we'll swiftly strike down.
In combat the fate of the future we'll settle,
Our country we'll lead to eternal renown!

Sing to our Motherland, glory undying,
Bulwark of peoples in brotherhood strong!
Flag of the Soviets, peoples' flag flying,
Lead us from victory to victory on!

The lyric were amended after the death of Stalin, and the line that reads 'Be true to the people, thus Stalin has reared us/i>' was changed to 'To a righteous cause, he raised the people'.

The flag of the Soviet Union.

Saturday, 14 March 2026

Preparing for COW2026

Over the past week I have been preparing the PowerPoint presentation that will form part of the session I will be running at this year's Conference of Wargame (COW).

The session is entitled THE BATTLE OF THE ATLANTIC: SINKING U-BOATS and was originally written after attending John Curry's presentation at the WD AVG (Wargame Developments Annual Virtual Gathering) in October 2024. It was about the role of the WATU (Western Approaches Training Unit) ...

One of the WATU training wargames in progress. The officers under training could only see the game board through holes in the screen. The WRENs plotted the positions of the escort ships in accordance with the orders issued by the officers. They also controlled the U-boats using the current tactics employed by the Kriegsmarine's U-boat service.

... and led me to create a timeline of technical and tactical innovations that were introduced before and during the Battle of the Atlantic.

The title slide of my PowerPoint presentation.

It turned out to be a very interesting piece of research ... and I hope to share it with a wider audience in due course.

A graph that shows the ratio of ships to U-boats sunk during the Second World War. It makes it very clear that 1942 was the turning point of the battle against the U-boat menace.

Friday, 13 March 2026

An audience with ... Abena Oppong-Asare MP

On most Mondays, Sue and I go to our local community centre – Shrewsbury House* - to take part in what is termed the Shrewsbury House Get-together Monday. It is usually attended by twenty to thirty people, most of whom are retired professionals like us. There is a programme of sessions, including Yoga, craft activities, quizzes, and talks. (I have done two talks to the group: One was about Woolwich and the Spanish Civil War and the other was about the history of the Royal Arsenal Co-operative Society.)

We have also had visits by our local councillors, the local Borough Police Commander, the local Ghurkha community, and the Commanding Officer of the King's Troop of the Royal Horse Artillery. Today, we were lucky to be visited by our local Member of Parliament, Abena Oppong-Asare.

She has been an MP since 2019, and became our local representative when the Shooters Hill ward was moved from its former constituency – Greenwich and Woolwich – into the Erith and Thamesmead constituency as a result of the Parliamentary boundary changes in 2024. Between 9th July 2024 and 6th September 2025, she was Parliamentary Secretary for the Cabinet Office, but since then she has been Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Prime Minister.

Abena Oppong-Asare MP addressing the Shrewsbury House Get-together meeting at Shrewsbury House.

Her new role makes her the Prime Ministers 'eyes and ears' with regard to the Labour Party's backbenchers and she acts as a communication conduit between the Prime Minister and the parliamentary Labour Party. She is also responsible for meeting with MPs when the Prime Minister is not available and to assist him in preparing for the regular PMQs (Prime Minister's Questions) sessions that take place at noon on each Wednesday that Parliament is sitting.

She joined us at 10.30am, and began by introducing herself and giving a brief but very useful verbal biography. It was great to realise that she is a local and therefore understands the specific needs of the area covered by her constituency.

She then explained the various roles she had performed as a Member of Parliament, as Parliamentary Secretary for the Cabinet Office, and as Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Prime Minister. This was very informative, especially to those of us whose knowledge and understanding of the role of a Parliamentary Secretary was, at best, vague.

I was particularly impressed by how open she was and how unlike she was to some of the political 'hacks' I've had dealings with in the past. It was refreshing to hear a politician of any party admit that they do make mistakes and accept that they are not infallible.

She then took a question and answer session that ended at midday, and made notes about those topics for which she did not have an immediate answer. She also promised to send appropriate answers after she had looked into the matters that had been raised.

Overall, I left the meeting feeling that we are lucky to have a local MP who is willing to listen and to act and/or advise their constituents.


* Shrewsbury House is where I also go to the weekly game session, Dice of the Hill.

Thursday, 12 March 2026

Another couple of eBay purchases

I regularly trawl through eBay to see if there are any suitable items for sale that I can repurpose as armies that I can add to my Belle Époque collection … and recently I’ve had a couple of successes.

The first was described as a '15MM COLONIAL ARMY SUDAN CAMPAIGN CAVALRY INDIAN FOOT ARTILLERY HIGHLANDERS 100+' and I was particularly interested in the Indian infantry, cavalry, and artillery as they will enable me to create at least one more army to go alongside my Hyderaporean army.

The second was described '15MM 19TH CENTURY/CRIMEAN - RUSSIAN & FRENCH INFANTRY, 150 FIGURES WELL PAINTED' and will hopefully form the backbone of my Russian army ... and possibly several other small armies.

It looks as if I will be renovating, varnishing, and basing quite a few figures over the next couple of months!

Tuesday, 10 March 2026

Nugget 378: An apology

As regular blog readers will know, I recently posted out the latest issue on THE NUGGET to members of Wargame Developments. It was not until last Friday that I was made aware that it contained a major printing error that both the printer and I had missed; namely, that half the pages had been printed upside down and in the reverse order!

The printer is already re-printing the issue and I hope to collect it later today, and I will post it to members with the next issue – NUGGET 379 – during early April.

I apologise for this mistake. It was avoidable – I should have checked them before I posted them out – and I have learned my lesson … as has the printer!


This is only the second time in forty-six years that there has been a problem with the production of THE NUGGET. The first time was back in the very early years when the then editor – the late Dr Paddy Griffith – sent me the original text by post … and the Royal Mail ‘lost’ it! Because he had not made a copy, he had to reproduce it entirely from scratch.

This was before the era of personal computers and THE NUGGET was put together using a typewriter to produce the text in columns which were then glued to sheets of paper that were photocopied and manually collated and stapled by me.

Wow! It was a very labour-intensive operation back then!

Sunday, 8 March 2026

My top three blog posts

In light of the recent massive increase in hits my blog has achieved, I decided to see which are my three top blog posts. The results were somewhat surprising. They were (according to the blog's stats summary):

If the upsurge in hits was purely down to AI bots 'visiting' my blog, I would expect the peaks in the above graphs to all be towards the right-hand side (i.e. the past few months) ... but my second most read blog post peaked when it was written and has not experienced a recent spike.

Interesting ...


As I write this blog post on Saturday evening, the number of hits are as follows:

  • Today: 20,656 hits
  • Yesterday: 56,694 hits
  • This month: 194,457 hits ... which is a daily average of 27.780 hits
  • Last month: 998,902 hits ... which is a daily average of 35,675 hits

This would seem to indicate that the recent upsurge in hits is beginning to tail off ... a bit.


* What I do not understand is why each of the blog posts featured above seems to generate two different view totals. On the summary, each has a total that indicates the number of views it has generated ... but when one looks at each post separately, that figure is higher. I have looked on Blogger for a reason for this, but I could not find anything to help me resolve this conundrum.

Friday, 6 March 2026

I should not read other people's blog posts ...

I am waiting for the delivery of my final order from Irregular Miniatures before I can add a Russian-style nineteenth army to my Belle Époque project. In the interim, it was my intention to playtest the latest draft of my PORTABLE BELLE ÉPOQUE WARGAME rules with a Sahel Hadendowi vs. Oblele battle ... and then I read Tradgardmastare's THE DUCHY OF TRADGARDLAND blog.

The particular blog posts that engaged my attention were WONDERLAND OR THE JOY OF MODEL SHOPS, THE ARMY OF TRANSILVANIA, and OPPOSITION. These were about his recent purchase of a box of Strelets-R ROMANIAN INFANTRY figures ...

© Alan Gruber (AKA Tradgardmastare)

... and a box of their ITALIAN ARMY IN WINTER DRESS (STALINGRAD) figures.

© Alan Gruber (AKA Tradgardmastare)

He has painted up the former to be soldiers in the army of Transilvania – his early twentieth century imagi-nation – and the latter will be their opponents, the army of the Duchy of Volare Cantare.

Now, I have loads of painted 20mm World War II figures sitting in boxes in my toy/wargames room, I have a suitable set of simple rules already written, and I have enough Hexon II terrain to hand to fight a battle or two ... so why don't I use them?

It would be stupid not to ... wouldn't it?


I finished writing this blog post and had uploaded it for publication before I went looking for the figures I was going to use. It was at this point that I found a box of painted 15mm figures that Carl Luxford gave me back in October 2022.

Inside the box were a number of Askaris and European officers, native and Arab troops (including cavalry), and native bearers.

I got the figures out ... and immediately realised that I had to assimilate them into my Belle Époque collection tout suite!

As a result, I have put my plans to fight a battle with my 20mm figures on hold for the time being.

It would be stupid not to ... wouldn't it?

Wednesday, 4 March 2026

I don’t believe it! A million hits in twenty-eight days!

I looked at my blog's hit counter this morning ... and suddenly realised that it had gone past eleven million hits! This means that my blog has had a million hits in twenty-eight days ... something that I find very, very difficult to believe!

Have those pesky bots been at it again? I certainly can’t find any evidence that they have, so why has my blog become so popular? All I can assume is that it might be down to AI in some way.

Whatever will happen next?


11,000,000 hits!

It was only the at the beginning of February that my blog’s hit counter reached ten million hits … and it has now just passed eleven million!

  • Ten million hits: 3rd February 2026
  • Nine million hits: 16th December 2025
  • Eight million hits: 4th October 2025
  • Seven million hits: 26th July 2025
  • Six million hits: 6th September 2024
  • Five million hits: 20th January 2024
  • Four million hits: 8th November 2021
  • Three million hits: 6th December 2018
  • Two million hits: Unsure
  • One million hits: 25th December 2015

Yet again, I would like to say a very big THANK YOU to my regular blog readers. Without your interest and comments, I doubt that I would ever have reached anything like these many hits.

Here's to reaching twelve million hits … which at the present rate, could be very soon!

Tuesday, 3 March 2026

Thinking about the my Portable Belle Époque Wargame rules

In reply to a comment by Neil Patterson about his recent battle report entitled LITTLE GREAT WAR: KAVKAZ CAMPAIGN EPILOGUE, Archduke Piccolo stated that:

One change to the rule set I will make is to increase the machineguns 3 Strength Points. At 2SP, they are too brittle. ... I'm thinking of increasing the MG range, too, to 4 grid areas instead of 3, one more than rifle range.

It might not be such a bad idea to reduce to 2 grid areas the effective range of rifles (and MGs too maybe) whose targets are in any kind of cover. This on top of the existing penalties.

Part of the tabletop battlefield featured in Archduke Piccolo's recent battle report. © Archduke Piccolo.

Interestingly, I have been thinking about this very element of my draft PORTABLE BELLE ÉPOQUE WARGAME rules ... and although I had come to slightly different conclusions, I am now having a re-think.

Monday, 2 March 2026

Nugget 378

I collected the latest issue of THE NUGGET from the printer (Macaulay Scott Printing Company of Welling, Kent) on Friday, and I hope to post it out to members today.

As soon as I can, I will send the PDF copy to the webmaster so that members can read this issue of THE NUGGET online.


IMPORTANT: Please note that this is the sixth issue of THE NUGGET to be published for the 2025-2026 subscription year.

If you wish to subscribe for the 2025-2026 subscription year and have not yet done so, please request a PayPal invoice or the bank transfer information from the Treasurer or follow the instructions on the relevant page of the website.

Sunday, 1 March 2026

Quintin Barry's two-volume history of the Franco-Prussian War

Over the past few weeks I have been reading - for the second time - the late Quintin Barry's two-volume history of Franco-Prussian War.

The first volume covers the outbreak of the war until the surrender at Sedan and the collapse of the Second Empire.

The second volume covers the period from the proclamation of the Third Republic until the end of the war, and includes the Siege of Paris and the foundation of the German Empire.

I have found these to be well-researched and admirably written in a style that told the history of the war in an easy-to-read way that still managed to include the sort of  level of detail beloved by wargamers. This is hardly surprising as - according to his obituary in the Law Gazette - he spent ten years doing his research before he wrote this work.


THE FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR 1870-71 was written by Quintin Barry and published in paperback format in 2025 by Helion & Company (Volume One: ISBN 978 1 8067 2104 7; Volume Two: ISBN 978 1 8067 2105 4).

Saturday, 28 February 2026

February has been an 'interesting' month

The last twenty-eight days have been a bit different from what passes for 'normal' these days. The reasons for this are as follows:

  1. I celebrated my seventy-sixth birthday. (Yes, I am really that old!)
  2. My blog achieved ten million hits ... and I see that it is close to reaching eleven million!
  3. Sue's car needed to have its hybrid battery refurbished, and this required it to taken to Northampton and back.
  4. It then developed a fault with its tyre pressure monitoring system which required new sensors to be fitted to each tyre ... and two new tyres as well!
  5. Over the course of several days, we moved the contents of our large offsite storage unit to a much smaller one ... and I rediscovered all sorts of useful wargaming bits and pieces that I had forgotten about.
  6. I delivered a talk about the history of the Royal Arsenal Co-operative Society (the RACS) to a local community group.
  7. One of my favourite wargame manufacturers – Irregular Miniatures – announced that they were closing down and I had to send them what will be my final order in a bit of a hurry.
  8. I achieved the goals I set myself at the beginning of the year.
  9. I became embroiled in an ongoing 'discussion' with the Debt Collection Department of Royal Greenwich Council over care cost invoices from 2024 that I paid the day I received them! (I have proof in the form of screenshots of my bank statements and a letter from the Adult Care Department that said my case was closed and that all payments for care had been made.)
  10. I have had two bouts of 'gastronomical illness', in quick succession, the second of which I am still recovering from ... and is the reason that I have not made any blog posts over the past few days.

That's quite a lot of things to deal with over the shortest month of the year! Hopefully, March will be a much quieter month!

Tuesday, 24 February 2026

Nugget 378

The editor of THE NUGGET sent me the latest issue on Sunday and I sent it to the printer (Macauley Scott Printing Company, Welling, Kent) on Monday morning. I hope to be able to collect it later this week and post it out to members of Wargame Developments by next weekend.


IMPORTANT: Please note that this is the sixth issue of THE NUGGET to be published for the 2025-2026 subscription year.

If you wish to subscribe for the 2025-2026 subscription year and have not yet done so, please request a PayPal invoice or the bank transfer information from the Treasurer or follow the instructions on the relevant page of the website.

Sunday, 22 February 2026

Latest news from Ian Kay of Irregular Miniatures

I recently mentioned that Ian Kay of Irregular Miniatures was retiring and that the company would cease trading towards the end of March.

Since then, the company has been inundated with large orders and Ian has had a rethink and has announced that they won’t be taking any further orders after 1st March.

Ian Kay's latest announcement regarding the last day on which Irregular Miniatures will be able to accept orders.

As I stated in my earlier blog post, I wish Ian a long and healthy retirement and hope that someone will buy Irregular Miniatures as a going concern … and that the sale provides Ian with a sizeable nest egg for his well-deserved retirement.

Saturday, 21 February 2026

Plans for more Belle Époque armies

Looking at the list of my existing Belle Époque armies, I am struck by the fact that there are a few holes that need to be filled. First – and probably most importantly – I need a simulacrum of Russia amongst my Belle Époque imagi-nations.

I have used such an imagi-nation before ... Rusland. It was was featured in (amongst other blog posts) the following:

So, my next step is to acquire a suitable army for Rusland ... and this is something that I hope to do in the near future.

I also want to add at least one more African army that can fight the Obele and several small Indian princely armies to deploy alongside that of Hyderapore. They will hopefully follow once I have added the Ruslanders to my collection.

Friday, 20 February 2026

Achieving my goals

Back in early January I set myself the following goals:

  • Paint the buildings that I constructed last December.
  • Organise my existing Belle Époque armies into formations.
  • Add another army to my Belle Époque project.
  • Play around with ideas for a Belle Époque version of the PORTABLE WARGAME that uses smaller grid areas.
  • Adding some more vessel to my growing collection of 1/1200th-scale model ships.

It is now some six weeks on, and so far I have managed to achieve the first three, done some serious thinking about the fourth, and made no progress on the fifth.

With regard to the ‘new’ version of my PORTABLE WARGAME rules, I am coming round to the idea of using my extensive collection of Hexon II hexes rather than small grid areas. Most of my Hexon II terrain is currently in our offsite storage unit, but I have plans to bring it home as soon as I can … and then I hope to start some playtesting. I will then set myself some more sort-term goals.

Thursday, 19 February 2026

The strengths and weaknesses of the Belle Époque armies

A secret report about the various Belle Époque armies has come to light, and an extract follows.


The Commonwealth of Britannia

This army is composed entirely of long-service volunteers and is split into two main parts, the Home Defence Force (which comprises two infantry divisions, a cavalry brigade, and a small number of unattached units) and the Britannic Expeditionary Field Force (which comprises two infantry regiments, a field artillery regiment, and a supply column). The second of these can be supplemented by a Naval Brigade.

This is a small but formidable army, well trained and equipped, and in the case of the Britannic Expeditionary Force (BEFF), it is kept at a high state of readiness.


The Republic of Burgundy

The army is composed of a number of regular units supplemented by a significant number of reserve and militia units. It has three infantry divisions, a cavalry brigade, and several unattached units. One-third of the infantry regiments in each of the infantry divisions are regulars, one-third are reservists, and one-third are militia. The army would therefore require time to mobilise should war break out and would have to rely on its two unattached regular infantry regiments to counter any invaders whilst the mobilisation took place.

Once mobilised, this army would be able to match any other in existence. It is well trained and equipped, and its leadership is second to none.


The Sultanate of Harabia

Although this army looks formidable on paper, two of its three infantry divisions are composed entirely of barely-trained militia (Fowj). The same is true of the army's camel brigade, which is made up of three Fowj camel regiments.

The regular infantry division and cavalry brigade are reasonably well trained and equipped thanks to the recruitment of officers who have served in the Khakistani, Stalbanian, and Zubian armies and purchases of weaponry from major arms manufacturers, but these formations serve mostly in an internal security role.

All-in-all this army could prove to be a formidable opponent to any invading army but would probably prove very fragile if used in a conventional war.


The Principality of Hyderapore

This small army comprises an infantry brigade and a cavalry brigade, but it is entirely professional in nature and trained and equipped by the Commonwealth of Britannia. It is ideally suited to the role of defending Hyderapore from attack and acting as an internal security force.


The Sultanate of Khakistan

This army comprises three infantry divisions and two cavalry brigades as well as a small number of unattached units. However, only one for the infantry divisions and one of the cavalry brigades are made up from full-time regular units whilst two of the infantry divisions and the second cavalry brigade are a mixture of regular and reserve units that are best suited to garrison and home defence duties.

The army is reasonably well equipped, and the regular units are well trained. The reserve units would require further training to get them up to the same standard.

The Khakistanis have a reputation for being stolid in defence and aggressive when attacking. A formidable foe whose potential is often underestimated.


The Emirate of Khyberistan

The army has a small regular element (the capital's garrison that also serves as the Emir's bodyguard) and three tribal groups. The latter might be regarded as militia by more advanced national armies, but they are very experienced in fighting in mountainous areas and are equipped to move and fight in extremely difficult terrain. The warriors of these tribal groups spend their time raiding neighbouring countries or each other's tribal areas.

Although their weaponry is often nearly obsolete, their fighting spirit makes them a formidable foe and as many invaders have discovered to their coast, invading Khyberistan is something to be avoided if at all possible.


The Sultanate of Sahel

The geography and size of the Sultanate of Sahel make any centralised control by the sultan difficult, and in many ways the country can best be viewed as a loose confederation of three tribes, each of which fields a small army. Each of these armies has a unit of regular troops armed with firearms and a number of other poorly-trained units armed with spear and swords. They indulge in inter-tribal warfare and raids into neighbouring countries, not always successfully.

If the tribal armies could combine into a coherent whole, this could be a formidable army to beat due to its sheer size. However, as it tends to operate and fight as separate tribal armies, each with its own objectives, it should be possible for any invader to defeat it piecemeal.


The Kingdom of Schwarzenberg

The army comprises two regular infantry divisions and a regular cavalry brigade, supported by two reserve infantry regiments and two reserve supply columns. It is very well trained and equipped and led by graduates of world-renowned Schwarzenberg Staff College.

The army is kept at a high state of readiness and would be a formidable opponent in a short war. However, its lack of reserves would put it at a disadvantage in a longer war.


The Principality of Stalbania

For many years the Stalbanian Army was a tribal militia, but over recent years it has been transformed into a well-equipped, professional, brigade-sized force.

The Stabanians enjoy a reputation for being tough fighters, especially in difficult terrain.


The Khedivate of Zubia

Like the Khakistanis, the Zubians have a reputation for being stolid fighters, especially in defence. Its army is wholly professional and comprises a Guard Brigade, an infantry division, and a cavalry brigade.

Its main role is defensive, and its troops are mainly deployed to protect its borders from Saheli raids.

Monday, 16 February 2026

A gastronomical illness?

gastro·nom·ical [ˌɡastrəˈnɒmɪ-kal]adjective: relating to the practice of cooking or eating good food


One of the YouTube channels that Sue and I follow are Don Terris's DON'S FAMILY VACATIONS and JUST DON. Don is a Canadian travel agent who specialises in cruises and his videos keep us up-to-date with what is happening in the world of cruising.

One of the endearing things about Don is his use of the word 'gastronomical' ... which he uses in place of 'gastrointestinal' when describing outbreaks of bugs like Norovirus aboard cruise ships.

So, why am I mentioning this today? The answer is simple ... for the past few days Sue and I have been suffering from what Don would describe as a 'gastronomical illness'. It is NOT Norovirus: I contracted that several times during my career in education and know the symptoms only too well. However, whatever it is, it has laid us both low and left us feeling very tired and with muscle and joint pain as well as a headache.

Now, when we were younger, we could sort of shrug this sort of illness off with a good night's sleep and a dose of something like Imodium, but as one ages, one's ability to do things like that diminishes. It also becomes even more important to keep hydrated and to replace any lost electrolytes in order to avoid things like thickening of the blood and therefore an increased risk of a stroke.

In my case, I have to take a number of prescription drugs every day to help me cope with my medical problems, and if I am suffering from a 'gastronomical illness' there is a chance that I might not manage to gain the full benefit of them.

We are beginning to feel somewhat better than we did twenty-four hours ago, and with luck it will turn out to have been no more than a forty-eight hour bug ... and that by the time you read this, we will be back on our feet and working on decluttering our house.

Sunday, 15 February 2026

Some more character images for my Belle Époque project

When I used ChatGPT to create my recent batch of AI-generated images of characters for my Belle Époque project, I forgot to include two images ... but I have now made good that shortfall.

The Sultan of Harabia.
The Prince of Stalbania.

Saturday, 14 February 2026

Battle Maps for Miniature Wargames by Henry Hyde

Henry Hyde has a well-deserved reputation for the maps he has produced for the magazines he edited (BATTLEGAMES and MINIATURE WARGAMES WITH BATTLEGAMES) as well as for other publications such as the Spanish Civil War supplement for the BLITZKRIEG COMMANDER. He has now brought fifty-two of these maps together into a single volume under the title BATTLE MAPS FOR MINIATURE WARGAMES.

The book is split into the following sections:

  • Map Index
  • Introduction
  • The Maps and Notes
    1. Threeman's Farm: WWII
    2. Chamla Valley
    3. Save Lady Jane from McSiggins
    4. Can I be your Condottiere?
    5. Trapped in the Birdcage, Salonika 1915-17
    6. Getting Away With It
    7. Bridgehead Breakout
    8. Wildfire in the Wilderness
    9. Twixt Crescent and Cross
    10. Plattville Valley brought up to date
    11. Fighting Withdrawal
    12. Night Raid on Gravelines
    13. Salamanca's Siren Call
    14. Opening Hell's Highway
    15. A Dashing Rescue
    16. Granddad's Battle, Lingevres 1944
    17. Apocryphal Well Revisited
    18. The Bridges at Monocacy
    19. Paddling in the Piave
    20. Problems in the Peloponnese
    21. By Any Means
    22. Diamonds Are Forever
    23. Yakhroma 1941
    24. Wilson's Creek 1861
    25. Mongol Campaign in Syria: Ayn Jalut 1260
    26. Muster Mayhem
    27. Arsuf 1191
    28. The Blue Danube
    29. Command Challenge: Matatitze
    30. Manzikert 1071
    31. At the Sharp End
    32. The Well of Tarka
    33. The Next River!
    34. The Defence of Twin Peaks
    35. Stop Thief!
    36. Seven Years in Silesia
    37. Hold the Line! Defence in Depth (Pitzer's Ridge 1777)
    38. Insurgency
    39. The Assault on the Aragon Front
    40. The Fight in the North - Gipuzkoa
    41. Pontoon
    42. Wildfire in The Wilderness (2)
    43. A River Crossing Mini-Campaign
    44. Battle of the Caucasus Mountains 1221
    45. Twixt Crescent and Cross (2)
    46. Escaping Cromwell
    47. Variations on a Theme of Teugn-Hausen
    48. The Package
    49. Turning the Flank
    50. Win More Wargames 3: a Tougher Nut to Crack
    51. Command Challenge: Three Fords, Three Ways
    52. 6mm and the Bigger Picture
  • Using the Maps for Simple Campaigns
  • About the Author, His Books and Patreon
  • Acknowledgements

You will note that two of the maps featured on the list have the same name. This is not a mistake as one map is drawn to show a larger area than the other. This means that one map is ideal for a larger battle and the other is ideal for something closer to a skirmish. For example, 9 is a map of the centre of a town whereas 45 shows the terrain on the approaches to a castle.

It is interesting to note that the maps can be used together to form a large campaign map, and in the section about using maps for simple campaigns, Henry gives an example where thirteen of the maps (18, 20, 19, 49, 46, 43, 51, 10, 24, 36, 15, 4, and 29) fit together to create a campaign map.

As someone who is often looking for suitable maps for wargames, this book is a great resource, and I can see loads of wargamers wanting to add it to their bookshelves. I took it to my local gaming club, and everyone who looked at this book wanted more details about where they could get a copy.


BATTLE MAPS FOR MINIATURE WARGAMES​ was created by Henry Hyde and published by Gladius Publications in 2026 (ISBN 979 8 2446 9883 1). The paperback edition can be purchased from Amazon for £22.50 and a PDF edition can be purchased from Wargame Vault for £15.00. Purchasers can also buy a PDF of just the maps (and Henry's other books) from payhip.com/gladiuspublications.


I ordered my copy of this book before I discovered that Henry Hyde had actually dedicated this book to me! This is both very humbling and slightly embarrassing ... but as I found out on my 76th birthday, it was also a wonderful and totally unexpected present!

Friday, 13 February 2026

Irregular Miniatures

I recently ordered some figures from Irregular Miniatures to fill a hole in my Belle Époque project … but managed to miss the announcement that Ian Kay is retiring after forty-five years supplying a huge range of figures in scales from 2mm to 54mm.

Ian Kay's announcement of his retirement.

I wish him a long and enjoyable retirement: he and his family certainly deserve it. They have been one of my ‘go to’ figure suppliers, and their Really Useful Gun range has been an outstanding resource for those of us who wargame with 15mm and 20mm figures and equipment. But where Irregular Miniatures really scored over the other figure suppliers was the rapid turnaround of orders. I once placed an order early on Monday morning … and the figures arrived on Tuesday! Now that is outstanding service!

I hope that someone will buy Irregular Miniatures as a going concern … and that the sale provides Ian with a sizeable nest egg for his retirement.


Best wishes, Ian. May you have a long, happy, and healthy retirement!

Thursday, 12 February 2026

A big sort out and rationalisation

Things are likely to be a bit a hectic for Sue and I for the foreseeable future. After giving it much thought, we have decided NOT to move house, mainly because we cannot find one that is suitable in the local area for adaptation to my accessibility needs, but also because the cost of moving house (e.g. having a survey done, paying estate agent’s fees for selling our existing house, hiring movers, and paying the Stamp Duty on our new home) is estimated to be around £50,000!

As a result, we have made the decision to declutter our home. In other words, have a big sort out and rationalisation of our current house’s contents and to dispose of stuff that we haven’t used for some time and/or are not likely to use in the future. This is going to be quite some task and I suspect that my wargaming and blogging are going to be affected until we have finished. I’ll try to fit some in as and when I can … if only to give me some sort of break from sorting and visiting the local charity shops and tip!

Wednesday, 11 February 2026

A few more additions to my Belle Époque collection

In a recent blog post I mentioned that I had several figures in naval uniform, a pack mule, and a model of a Nordenfelt gun in my box of Belle Époque-related bits and pieces, and I have now renovated, varnished, and based them.

They have now been added to the naval brigade of the Commonwealth of Britannia ... which on paper, now looks like this:

  • Naval Brigade
    • 1st Marine Infantry Regiment
    • 1st Naval Infantry Regiment
    • Naval Machine Gun Battalion
    • Naval Field Artillery Regiment
    • Naval Supply Column
    • Total bases = 7; Total SPs = 21 SPs

Tuesday, 10 February 2026

I have been to ... Potters Five Lakes Resort, Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex

In a recent blog post, I mentioned that I had spent a weekend at an all-inclusive holiday resort near Tolleshunt D'Arcy in Essex. It was actually one of two resorts run by Potters Resorts, the other being located at Hopton-on-Sea, Norfolk.

Sue and I stayed in the newest of the two, Potters Five Lakes Resort. It had been built in 1974 as the Manifold Golf Club, and extended in 1995 by the addition of a 114-room hotel as well as a new golf course and spa. It was also renamed Five Lakes Resort and was subsequently bought by Potters Resorts in 2021.

Our room was on the second floor of the main building and was easily as good – if not better – than many of the cabins we have stayed in on cruise ships .... but with much more space! (It was about 200% bigger than a balcony cabin on most cruise ships.) The food was excellent – and there was lots of it – and the entertainment was certainly on a par with what we have seen on a cruise. In fact, Sue and I agreed that staying at Five Lakes was like being on a cruise ship that didn't move.

There are a large range of activities available for patrons to experience. Anyone who wanted to play golf did have to pay a reduced green fee but almost everything else was free. This included rally karts, virtual reality headsets, boating, badminton, tennis, pickleball, table tennis, indoor curling, shuffleboard, laser clay pigeon shooting, air rifle shooting, archery, a 9-hole par-3 golf course, bowls, disc golf, snooker, pool, darts, and board games. There is also an onsite fully-equipped gym and a spa where you can get massages or use the sauna or steam room.


It is interesting to note that the company that is now Potters Resorts was set up in 1920 by Herbert Potter, a solicitor's clerk. He used money that he had won in a competition run by the long-defunct SUNDAY CHRONICLE newspaper to buy land in Hemsby (which is eight miles north of Great Yarmouth in Norfolk) where he set up the first permanent holiday camp in the United Kingdom with hutted accommodation. This proved to be very popular, and in 1924 it was moved to Hopton-on-Sea, six miles to the south of Great Yarmouth. It moved to a site closer to the seaside in 1933, and that remains the location of the company's headquarters and the site of its other resort.


It is often thought that Sir Billy Butlin built the first UK holiday camp with permanent buildings at Skegness, Lincolnshire, in 1936, but this is untrue. For example, Harry Warner had opened his first holiday camp at Hayling Island, Hampshire, in 1931, and by the start of the Second World War he had opened three more. During the Second World War, many of the holiday camps were taken over by the government for use as training or rest camps for military personnel.

Monday, 9 February 2026

Some character images for my Belle Époque project: Messing around with ChatGPT

Over the past weekend, Sue and I spent several days staying in an all-inclusive holiday resort near Tolleshunt D'Arcy in Essex. This gave me lots of time to just sit, read, and rest ... and to play around with ChatGPT's image creation facility.

I decided to see if I could create a number of character images for my Belle Époque project. My fists step was to take a photograph of myself using my iPad and then upload it to ChatGPT.

The original photograph used to generate the following images.

Once that was done I asked it to create the following images:

A General of the Commonwealth of Britannia's army.
The President-General of Burgundy.
The Prince of Hyderapore.
The Sultan of Khakistan.
The Emir of Khyberistan.
The Sultan of Sahel.
The King of Schwarzenberg.
The Khedive of Zubia.
The King of the Obele.

One thing that I did learn was the the more specific one is when giving ChatGPT instructions, the better the resultant image is. All of the above are based on the same photograph and yet the end results are – in some cases – startling different from what I might have expected. Look carefully, and you can see me in each of the images, but in some cases you have to look very hard indeed!

Sunday, 8 February 2026

Some Belle Époque torpedo launches?

Whilst sorting through my box of Belle Époque-related bits and pieces I found two torpedo launches that I built many years ago for a long-forgotten project. They look like this ...

... and were built from some 1:87th-scale ship's lifeboats, some Plasticard sheet and girders, some spare funnels from the old Airfix model of HMS Iron Duke, and some bits and pieces from my large spares box. All they need is a coat of paint and then they can become part of one (or more) of my Belle Époque navies.

The torpedoes for these launches – which I have mislaid/lost – were made from aircraft drop tanks which looked similar to early Whitehead torpedoes.

A Whitehead torpedo on display at the Naval Museum in La Spezia, Italy.

Friday, 6 February 2026

My amended Commonwealth of Britannia Belle Époque army formations

I have now added six new units to my Britannic army.


The Commonwealth of Britannia

The army is organised into the following formations:

  • 1st Division 
    • 1st (Grenadier) Regiment
    • 2nd (Fusilier) Regiment
    • 3rd (Highland) Regiment
    • 1st Machine Gun Battalion
    • 1st Field Artillery Regiment
    • 1st Supply Column
    • Total bases = 9; Total SPs = 29 SPs
  • 2nd Division
    • 4th (Rifle) Regiment
    • 5th (Ranger) Regiment
    • 6th (Highland) Regiment
    • 2nd Machine Gun Battalion
    • 2nd Field Artillery Regiment
    • 2nd Supply Column
    • Total bases = 9; Total SPs = 29 SPs
  • Cavalry Brigade
    • 1st (Dragoon) Cavalry Regiment
    • 2nd (Hussar) Cavalry Regiment
    • 3rd Field Artillery Regiment
    • 3rd Supply Column
    • Total bases = 6; Total SPs = 15 SPs
  • Britannic Expeditionary Field Force
    • 7th (Light) Infantry Regiment
    • 8th (Light) Infantry Regiment
    • 5th Field Artillery Regiment
    • 5th Supply Column
    • Total bases = 6; Total SPs = 19 SPs
  • Unattached troops
    • 4th Field Artillery Regiment
    • 4th Supply Column 
    • Total bases = 2; Total SPs = 3 SPs
  • Naval Brigade
    • 1st Marine Infantry Regiment
    • 1st Naval Infantry Regiment
    • Naval Field Artillery Regiment
    • Total bases = 5; Total SPs = 18 SPs

Total bases = 37; Total SPs = 113 SPs

Units shown in italics are militia or reserve units.